The United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of NCDs (UNIATF) led by Dr Soumya Swaminathan, Deputy Director-General for Programmes, conducted a joint mission to Thailand, 27-30 August 2018.
The mission consisted of ten UN agencies: FAO, ITU, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNEP UNFPA, UNICEF, UNWomen, WFP and WHO and a large number of Thai experts. Meetings were held with the Prime Minister, ministers and senior officials across government as well as civil society organizations, selected private sector entities and academic institutions.
Noncommunicable diseases: Thailand country profile
NCDs are estimated to account for 74% of all deaths in Thailand and the probability of premature death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease in Thailand is 14%. NCDs are exerting a serious toll on the economy. Approximately 40% of men smoke. Current per capita consumption of alcohol is 8 litres - the highest in WHO’s South-East Asia Region. Levels of sodium intake are over twice the WHO recommended levels. A quarter of adults have raised blood pressure. Rates of obesity have increased dramatically in the past two decades.
Thailand is determined to get its NCDs under control and the following are exciting examples of how it is responding to the epidemic:
- Taxation on cigarettes is in line with WHO recommended levels: tobacco use has decreased from 32% in early 1990s to under 20% in the most recent survey in 2017 and the new tobacco product control act is in line with WHO FCTC.
- The Alcohol Beverage Control Act of 2008 and subsequent amendments place a ban on direct advertising and promotions, a minimum legal age of 18 years for drinking, new warning labels, and restriction on hours of sale.
- The government has announced a ban on Trans Fat in domestic and imported food products— from 9 January 2019 Thailand will be Trans Fat free.
- Government is working with industry and communities to reduce the amount of salt that people are consuming.
- A tax on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been recently introduced in an attempt to reduce consumption of unhealthy drinks.
- The Thai cabinet has taken on the role of national champion for improving levels of physical activity across the country in order to increase public awareness on the benefit of active lifestyles.
- Treating NCDs is a core element of the primary care system and the country has a strong commitment to universal health coverage. But without stepping up efforts on preventing NCDs, the costs of treatment will threaten the sustainability of UHC.
Findings and recommendations
Thailand has remarkable political will and commitment to tackle its burden of NCDs and outstanding leadership was observed at multiple levels: the Prime Minister, Minister of Public Health, the Ministry of Public Health, the Thai Health Promotion Foundation.
The Joint Mission recommended action in four areas that are in line with the set of evidence-based “best buys” and cost effective interventions that were endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2017. These are being finalized in a report for the Government of Thailand.
The United Nations system in country also committed itself to provide ever greater support to the Government in responding to the NCD-related SDGs.